{"id":34157,"date":"2024-06-06T15:35:35","date_gmt":"2024-06-06T13:35:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.asparagusworld.com\/?post_type=news&p=34157"},"modified":"2025-07-08T09:16:11","modified_gmt":"2025-07-08T09:16:11","slug":"deep-tillage-has-profound-benefits-for-asparagus","status":"publish","type":"news","link":"https:\/\/befve.com\/es\/news\/deep-tillage-has-profound-benefits-for-asparagus\/","title":{"rendered":"Le travail du sol en profondeur pr\u00e9sente de nombreux avantages pour les asperges"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\n

La mise en place initiale d\u2019une plantation d\u2019asperges m\u00e9rite une attention particuli\u00e8re, car le succ\u00e8s technique et \u00e9conomique futur en d\u00e9pend. Cela est d\u2019autant plus vrai lorsqu\u2019on replante des asperges sur une parcelle d\u00e9j\u00e0 cultiv\u00e9e auparavant. Le d\u00e9veloppement de machines \u00e0 fraises rotatives (comme les mod\u00e8les Farmax ou Imants) a permis de faciliter cette \u00e9tape d\u2019implantation. Un travail du sol en profondeur (jusqu\u2019\u00e0 1,1 m) permet de cr\u00e9er une zone homog\u00e8ne favorable au bon d\u00e9veloppement des plantes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u2019ajout d\u2019amendements et d\u2019engrais rend possible une approche dite de \u00ab culture hors-sol dans le sol \u00bb, d\u00e9velopp\u00e9e par Christian Befve & Co.<\/strong> Celle-ci comprend les \u00e9tapes suivantes avant la plantation<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
C. Befve<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

1. \u00c9tude du sol<\/strong>
Elle commence par une analyse physique et chimique<\/strong> de la structure du sol \u00e0 deux niveaux :<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • couche de surface (jusqu\u2019\u00e0 30 cm),<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • sous-sol (\u00e0 partir de 50 cm).
    (voir image 1)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    Une observation visuelle du sol<\/strong> via la m\u00e9thode du profil cultural<\/strong> est n\u00e9cessaire. Ce profil permet d\u2019\u00e9valuer la vie du sol \u00e0 partir de la profondeur des racines des cultures pr\u00e9c\u00e9dentes, ce qui renseigne sur :<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    • la pr\u00e9sence \u00e9ventuelle de zones de compaction,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • le niveau de la nappe phr\u00e9atique,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • les variations de texture du sol (sable, argile, graviers, etc.).
      (voir photo 2)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      La profondeur des racines les plus profondes observ\u00e9es d\u00e9terminera la profondeur du futur travail du sol<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \"\"
      C. Befve<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      2. Apport de mati\u00e8re organique<\/strong>
      L\u2019ajout important de mati\u00e8re organique \u2013 entre 80 et 150 tonnes\/hectare<\/strong> selon le type d\u2019amendement \u2013 am\u00e9liore la structure et la fertilit\u00e9 du sol. Il est conseill\u00e9 d\u2019utiliser de la mati\u00e8re organique locale<\/strong>. Selon les ressources disponibles, on peut utiliser :<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      • fumier (bovins, chevaux, moutons, volailles),<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • marc de raisin,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • d\u00e9chets v\u00e9g\u00e9taux (balle de riz, palmes broy\u00e9es).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        L’application doit \u00eatre concentr\u00e9e sur la ligne de plantation<\/strong> et effectu\u00e9e au passage de la fraise rotative pour offrir les meilleures conditions de d\u00e9veloppement \u00e0 la plante.
        (voir images 3 et 4)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        L\u2019ajout de micro-organismes (ex. : Bacillus<\/strong>, Trichoderma<\/strong>) am\u00e9liore la sant\u00e9 du sol<\/strong> et limite les champignons pathog\u00e8nes<\/strong> (comme Fusarium<\/em> sp. ou Rhizoctonia<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         <\/p>\n\n\n\n

         <\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \"\"
        C. Befve<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

        3. Travail du sol<\/strong>
        Le travail du sol cr\u00e9e un volume de sol favorable au d\u00e9veloppement racinaire<\/strong> bien plus important que celui disponible naturellement. Cela peut se faire :<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \n
        • manuellement (comme \u00e0 Madagascar \u2013 image 5),<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • ou avec des outils m\u00e9caniques (images 6 et 7).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

          Dans les deux cas, les racines peuvent s\u2019\u00e9tendre abondamment<\/strong> dans la zone travaill\u00e9e.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

           <\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \"\"
          C. Befve<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

          4. Observation des syst\u00e8mes racinaires<\/strong>
          L\u2019observation des racines dans le sol travaill\u00e9 et non travaill\u00e9 montre clairement les avantages du travail profond<\/strong> (fraise rotative) :<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Sol non travaill\u00e9 : racines brunes, pr\u00e9sence de champignons, peu de radicelles (\u00e0 droite).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Sol travaill\u00e9 : racines nombreuses, blanches, riches en radicelles (\u00e0 gauche),<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          5. B\u00e9n\u00e9fices \u00e0 long terme du travail du sol<\/strong>
          Un tableau comparatif<\/strong> bas\u00e9 sur les rendements moyens de 14 plantations dans 5 pays montre que le sol pr\u00e9par\u00e9 avec une fraise rotative offre :<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \n
          • des rendements sup\u00e9rieurs d\u00e8s la premi\u00e8re r\u00e9colte<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • un potentiel qui continue d\u2019augmenter pendant 6 ans<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • une long\u00e9vit\u00e9 accrue<\/strong> de la plantation (+2 ans).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

            \u00c0 l\u2019inverse, sans travail profond, le rendement est plus faible et plafonne d\u00e8s la 5e ann\u00e9e. Sur toute la dur\u00e9e de vie de la culture, cette technique de pr\u00e9paration permet un gain global de 50 % de rendement<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            6. Origine du gain de rendement : un sol ameubli et fertile<\/strong>
            L\u2019augmentation du volume de sol meuble, sain et fertile<\/strong> est la cl\u00e9. Quatre mois apr\u00e8s plantation, on constate que :<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \n
            • le syst\u00e8me racinaire est 30 % plus d\u00e9velopp\u00e9<\/strong> par plant,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • la profondeur d\u2019implantation est deux fois plus importante<\/strong>,<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            • les racines sont orient\u00e9es verticalement<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

              Ce type d\u2019implantation ralentit la mont\u00e9e naturelle du syst\u00e8me racinaire \u00e0 0,5 cm\/an<\/strong> (contre 3 cm normalement), ce qui le maintient \u00e0 5 cm au bout de 10 ans<\/strong> au lieu de 30 cm. R\u00e9sultat : une productivit\u00e9 plus durable<\/strong> dans le temps.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

              Working the soil at depth with significant use of fertilisers and biostimulants boosts the productivity and longevity of an asparagus crop.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":36696,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"news_categories":[53],"class_list":["post-34157","news","type-news","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","news_categories-production"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLe travail du sol en profondeur pr\u00e9sente de nombreux avantages pour les asperges - Befve & Co<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/befve.com\/es\/news\/deep-tillage-has-profound-benefits-for-asparagus\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Le travail du sol en profondeur pr\u00e9sente de nombreux avantages pour les asperges - Befve & Co\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Working the soil at depth with significant use of fertilisers and biostimulants boosts the productivity and longevity of an asparagus crop.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/befve.com\/es\/news\/deep-tillage-has-profound-benefits-for-asparagus\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Befve & Co\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-07-08T09:16:11+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/befve.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/296974_document.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"363\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"272\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Tiempo de lectura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"4 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/befve.com\/es\/news\/deep-tillage-has-profound-benefits-for-asparagus\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/befve.com\/es\/news\/deep-tillage-has-profound-benefits-for-asparagus\/\",\"name\":\"Le travail du sol en profondeur pr\u00e9sente de nombreux avantages pour les asperges - 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