{"id":34187,"date":"2024-06-19T08:00:25","date_gmt":"2024-06-19T06:00:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.asparagusworld.com\/?post_type=news&p=34187"},"modified":"2025-07-08T09:28:55","modified_gmt":"2025-07-08T09:28:55","slug":"you-have-to-look-under-the-roots-to-check-the-moisture-gradients","status":"publish","type":"news","link":"https:\/\/befve.com\/es\/news\/you-have-to-look-under-the-roots-to-check-the-moisture-gradients\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00ab Il faut regarder sous les racines des asperges pour v\u00e9rifier les gradients d’humidit\u00e9 \u00bb"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\n

Asparagus World : Quels sont les avantages et les inconv\u00e9nients du goutte-\u00e0-goutte ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jean-Michel Bourrousse : Le goutte-\u00e0-goutte est avant tout un moyen d\u2019\u00e9conomie d\u2019eau. Le volume apport\u00e9 peut \u00eatre jusqu\u2019\u00e0 50 % inf\u00e9rieur \u00e0 celui d\u2019une irrigation par aspersion, qui souffre de pertes par \u00e9vaporation. Le syst\u00e8me de goutte-\u00e0-goutte permet aussi de ma\u00eetriser et de localiser la fertilisation. En revanche, le goutte-\u00e0-goutte demande davantage de technicit\u00e9 et une surveillance des apports. Le r\u00e9seau peut \u00eatre enterr\u00e9, pos\u00e9 en surface ou positionn\u00e9 dans le feuillage. Le tuyau enterr\u00e9, plac\u00e9 sous la couronne, n\u2019est utilis\u00e9 que dans les sols lourds (argileux, limoneux), o\u00f9 l\u2019eau peut remonter par capillarit\u00e9 jusqu\u2019aux racines. En sols sableux ou bien drain\u00e9s, les goutteurs doivent \u00eatre pos\u00e9s au sol ou l\u00e9g\u00e8rement enterr\u00e9s (5 cm). L\u2019objectif est de mouiller une tranche de sol de 0 \u00e0 70 cm de profondeur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

AW : Quelles sont les contraintes d\u2019usage ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

J-M. B. : Le goutte-\u00e0-goutte n\u00e9cessite un bon niveau de technicit\u00e9 et, surtout, de l\u2019observation. Il faut aller voir dans le sol, sous les racines, pour v\u00e9rifier l\u2019humidit\u00e9 et les gradients. Les sondes tensiom\u00e9triques sont utiles pour cela. Le r\u00e9seau de tuyauterie doit \u00eatre contr\u00f4l\u00e9 car il peut \u00eatre endommag\u00e9 par les larves d\u2019insectes (vers fil-de-fer, etc.), les oiseaux ou m\u00eame le petit gibier. La qualit\u00e9 de l\u2019eau est \u00e9galement primordiale. L\u2019eau de surface (rivi\u00e8re, lac, etc.) est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement charg\u00e9e en limons, algues et mati\u00e8re organique. L\u2019eau souterraine, quant \u00e0 elle, peut parfois contenir trop de calcium ou de fer. Le goutte-\u00e0-goutte n\u00e9cessite donc un syst\u00e8me de filtration performant en amont de l\u2019installation, ainsi qu\u2019un entretien r\u00e9gulier et une v\u00e9rification du r\u00e9seau et des conduites.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

AW : Quelles sont les r\u00e8gles d\u2019installation d\u2019un syst\u00e8me de goutte-\u00e0-goutte ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

J-M. B. : L\u2019alimentation en eau peut se faire avec des tuyaux recyclables (\u00e9paisseur 200 microns), renouvel\u00e9s chaque ann\u00e9e, ou des tuyaux r\u00e9cup\u00e9rables (\u00e9paisseur 1 mm) pouvant \u00eatre utilis\u00e9s pendant toute la dur\u00e9e de la culture. Le tuyau recyclable permet de disposer d\u2019un mat\u00e9riel neuf chaque ann\u00e9e mais il est plus vuln\u00e9rable aux dommages. Le tuyau r\u00e9cup\u00e9rable est plus robuste mais demande davantage de maintenance. Le nombre de lignes d\u2019irrigation d\u00e9pend de la nature du sol et du nombre de rangs de plantation, soit une, soit deux. En sol argilo-limoneux, on installe une seule ligne de goutteurs \u00e0 c\u00f4t\u00e9 du rang. En sol sableux, il est indispensable d\u2019en mettre deux, de part et d\u2019autre du rang. Les tuyaux sont pos\u00e9s au sol et l\u00e9g\u00e8rement enterr\u00e9s (5 cm). Pour \u00e9viter les d\u00e9g\u00e2ts caus\u00e9s par les insectes, larves ou oiseaux, les tuyaux sont parfois plac\u00e9s dans le feuillage, ce qui peut conduire \u00e0 une distribution moins homog\u00e8ne et n\u00e9cessiter plus de temps d\u2019installation. Une fois le syst\u00e8me en place, il est tr\u00e8s important de v\u00e9rifier la formation du bulbe humide au niveau des racines et de suivre l\u2019humidit\u00e9 du sol par des observations visuelles (\u00e0 la tari\u00e8re) et\/ou avec des sondes tensiom\u00e9triques.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Jean Michel Bourrousse, Sedima-Rivulis irrigation specialist, details the pros and cons of drip irrigation.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":36641,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"news_categories":[54],"class_list":["post-34187","news","type-news","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","news_categories-equipement-et-service"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u00ab Il faut regarder sous les racines des asperges pour v\u00e9rifier les gradients d'humidit\u00e9 \u00bb - Befve & Co<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/befve.com\/es\/news\/you-have-to-look-under-the-roots-to-check-the-moisture-gradients\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u00ab Il faut regarder sous les racines des asperges pour v\u00e9rifier les gradients d'humidit\u00e9 \u00bb - 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